In many ways, the Canary Islands represent one of the most unique regions in Spain. It is not difficult to understand why: it is an insular and outermost territory (1,700 kilometres separate it from the mainland), to which must be added its dispersion in seven islands, which also have mountainous terrain and various areas of limited accessibility. For all these reasons, if we apply a logistical perspective, we find ourselves in a region of enormous complexity. This is why the proper functioning of its supply chain represents a crucial element for both companies and society as a whole.
In this scenario, maritime and air routes are vital to connect with the mainland and between islands, as is their connection with land transport. There are many elements that need to be assessed. Sea transport is essential, but can be slow and weather dependent, while air routes are fast but limited in terms of cargo capacity. This is where Rhenus' leadership comes in, optimising the use of all modes to ensure smooth distribution.
An economy in full growth
All this complexity is increased to the same extent that the Canary Islands market is experiencing significant growth, which inevitably leads to a significant increase in freight traffic.
Without going any further, in a previous article we already highlighted how the transport of goods between the Canary Islands and the rest of Spain continues to grow and in 2023 reached its highest commercial value(18,691 million euros) and, according to official data from the National Statistics Institute (INE), represents approximately 4.1% of the total national GDP, being one of the regions with the highest economic growth in recent years, driven mainly by the tourism sector.
In this regard, it is clear that the economy of the Canary Islands is largely based on tourism, which impacts on the demand for specific products and services for this sector, resulting in seasonal fluctuations in logistical needs, with peaks in the high seasons.
In terms of production, the Canary Islands have a specialised agricultural (bananas, tomatoes, flowers) and fishing sector that supplies both local and national markets. And this is yet another challenge, as these are products that require fast, refrigerated logistical solutions with specific sanitary controls.
But it is far from being the only important industrial activity in the region; there are many others of great importance in the islands: energy, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, construction and tobacco, and at Rhenus we are very attentive to all of them.
Tax regulation, fundamental for understanding the reality of logistics
Due to its location and other particular historical and economic conditions, it is not surprising that the Canary Islands have their own tax regime. This provides for lower taxation in relation to the rest of Spain, which affects both trade and logistics. Here are some important considerations:
- Although they are Spanish territory, they are not part of the EU Customs Union, which implies additional customs controls when moving goods between the mainland and the islands. This adds bureaucratic complexity.
- The existence of free zones and the Canary Islands Special Zone offers tax advantages for the import and export of goods, as well as incentives to attract investment. This makes it easier for the islands to be used as a logistics hub between Europe, Africa and America, as they reduce storage and redistribution costs, but also require strong logistical control to manage the different tax and customs regulations.
And this is where we come to another key point, customs management, which is another decisive element in adapting to these fiscal and customs singularities. The application of taxes, such as the IGIC or the Arbitrio Insular de Entrada de Mercancías (AIEM), can represent an added difficulty in logistics with the archipelago. Moreover, its management can be decisive in terms of efficiency.
How is Rhenus structured in the archipelago?